插件与自定义
tsParticles 可以在运行时通过自定义形状、预设和插件进行扩展。
本指南聚焦快速路径:先不创建完整的独立包,直接在应用内添加自定义行为。
快速决策图
- 当你只需要新的绘制图元时,使用 custom shape。
- 当你想复用一个完整的 options 对象时,使用 custom preset。
- 当你需要运行时逻辑(容器生命周期、自定义行为、选项解析)时,使用 plugin。
扩展类型一览
tsParticles 的自定义能力不仅限于自定义插件。
- Bundle:分组加载器,一次注册多个特性(
slim、basic、all)。 - Effect:粒子渲染效果(
particles.effect)。 - Interaction:粒子与事件之间的交互行为;分为
external(鼠标/触摸)和particles(粒子-粒子)。 - Palette:可复用的样式/颜色配置(
particles.palette)。 - Path:粒子运动路径生成器(
particles.move.path)。 - Plugin:容器/运行时功能模块(例如 emitters、absorbers、polygon mask)。
- Preset:可复用的完整选项配置(
preset)。 - Shape:粒子绘制图元(
particles.shape.type)。 - Updater:逐帧更新粒子属性的更新器(tilt、roll、twinkle、opacity、size 等)。
向用户解释这些类别后,他们会立刻理解自定义可以做到多深。
汇总表
| 类型 | 快速创建(应用内本地) | 使用方式 |
|---|---|---|
| Bundle | 组合自己的 loadAppBundle(engine) 并调用内部加载器 | 在 tsParticles.load(...) 之前调用 await loadAppBundle(tsParticles) |
| Effect | 使用 pluginManager.addEffect("app-*", drawer) 注册 | 将 particles.effect.type 设为你的 effect id |
| Interaction | 使用 pluginManager.addInteractor("app-*", interactor) 注册 | 在 interactivity.events 中启用 / 可选自定义模式判断 |
| Palette | 使用 pluginManager.addPalette("app-*", palette) 注册 | 将 particles.palette 设为你的 palette id |
| Path | 使用 pluginManager.addPathGenerator("app-*", generator) 注册 | 将 particles.move.path.generator 设为你的 path id |
| Plugin | 创建 IPlugin + IContainerPlugin 并调用 engine.addPlugin(...) | 通过插件选项和生命周期钩子启用 |
| Preset | 使用 tsParticles.addPreset("app-*", options) 注册 | 设置根级 preset |
| Shape | 使用 tsParticles.addShape("app-*", drawer) 注册,或加载全部官方 shape 包 | 设置 particles.shape.type 以及每种 shape 的 particles.shape.options |
| Updater | 使用 pluginManager.addParticleUpdater("app-*", updater) 注册 | 在 isEnabled(...) 返回 true 的粒子上自动运行 |
按扩展类型快速本地创建与使用
所有示例都假设采用以下初始化顺序:
ts
await loadSlim(tsParticles);
// register custom pieces
await tsParticles.load({ id: "tsparticles", options });Bundle
创建一个小型应用 bundle,只接入你需要的组件。
ts
import type { Engine } from "@tsparticles/engine";
import { loadSlim } from "@tsparticles/slim";
export async function loadAppBundle(engine: Engine): Promise<void> {
await loadSlim(engine);
await Promise.all([
loadAppShape(engine),
loadAppPreset(),
loadAppPalette(engine),
loadAppEffect(engine),
loadAppPath(engine),
loadAppUpdater(engine),
loadAppInteraction(engine),
loadAppPlugin(engine),
]);
}
await loadAppBundle(tsParticles);Effect
ts
import type { Engine } from "@tsparticles/engine";
export async function loadAppEffect(engine: Engine): Promise<void> {
await engine.pluginManager.register((e) => {
e.pluginManager.addEffect("app-fade", () =>
Promise.resolve({
drawBefore: ({ context }) => {
context.save();
context.globalAlpha *= 0.85;
},
drawAfter: ({ context }) => {
context.restore();
},
}),
);
});
}
await loadAppEffect(tsParticles);
const options = {
particles: {
effect: {
type: "app-fade",
},
},
};交互(external 和 particles)
ts
import {
ExternalInteractorBase,
loadInteractivityPlugin,
type IInteractivityData,
} from "@tsparticles/plugin-interactivity";
import type { Engine, IDelta } from "@tsparticles/engine";
class AppHoverPauseInteractor extends ExternalInteractorBase {
readonly maxDistance = 0;
clear(): void {}
init(): void {}
interact(interactivityData: IInteractivityData, _delta: IDelta): void {
if (interactivityData.pointer?.position) {
this.container.pause();
}
}
isEnabled(interactivityData: IInteractivityData): boolean {
return !!interactivityData.pointer?.position;
}
reset(): void {
this.container.play();
}
}
export async function loadAppInteraction(engine: Engine): Promise<void> {
await loadInteractivityPlugin(engine);
await engine.pluginManager.register((e) => {
e.pluginManager.addInteractor?.("app-hover-pause", (container) => {
return Promise.resolve(new AppHoverPauseInteractor(container));
});
});
}
await loadAppInteraction(tsParticles);
const options = {
interactivity: {
events: {
onHover: {
enable: true,
},
},
},
};Palette
ts
import type { Engine, IPalette } from "@tsparticles/engine";
const appPalette: IPalette = {
name: "App Sunset",
blendMode: "multiply",
colors: {
fill: {
enable: true,
value: ["#ff6b6b", "#ffd166", "#4ecdc4"],
},
},
};
export async function loadAppPalette(engine: Engine): Promise<void> {
await engine.pluginManager.register((e) => {
e.pluginManager.addPalette("app-sunset", appPalette);
});
}
await loadAppPalette(tsParticles);
const options = {
particles: {
palette: "app-sunset",
},
};Path
ts
import { loadMovePlugin } from "@tsparticles/plugin-move";
import { Vector, type Engine } from "@tsparticles/engine";
export async function loadAppPath(engine: Engine): Promise<void> {
await loadMovePlugin(engine);
await engine.pluginManager.register((e) => {
e.pluginManager.addPathGenerator?.("app-sway", () =>
Promise.resolve({
generate: (particle) => {
const wave = Math.sin(particle.position.y * 0.02);
return Vector.create(wave, 0);
},
init: () => {},
reset: () => {},
update: () => {},
}),
);
});
}
await loadAppPath(tsParticles);
const options = {
particles: {
move: {
enable: true,
path: {
enable: true,
generator: "app-sway",
},
},
},
};Plugin
ts
import type { Container, Engine, IContainerPlugin, IPlugin, ISourceOptions, Options } from "@tsparticles/engine";
class AppPluginInstance implements IContainerPlugin {
private readonly container: Container;
constructor(container: Container) {
this.container = container;
}
async init(): Promise<void> {
this.container.retina.pixelRatio = Math.max(this.container.retina.pixelRatio, 1);
}
}
class AppPlugin implements IPlugin {
readonly id = "app-plugin";
async getPlugin(container: Container): Promise<IContainerPlugin> {
return new AppPluginInstance(container);
}
loadOptions(_options: Options, source?: ISourceOptions): void {
if (source?.appPlugin === false) {
return;
}
}
needsPlugin(source?: ISourceOptions): boolean {
return source?.appPlugin !== false;
}
}
export async function loadAppPlugin(engine: Engine): Promise<void> {
await engine.addPlugin(new AppPlugin());
}
await loadAppPlugin(tsParticles);
const options = {
appPlugin: true,
};Preset
ts
import { tsParticles } from "@tsparticles/engine";
export async function loadAppPreset(): Promise<void> {
tsParticles.addPreset("app-hero", {
fpsLimit: 60,
particles: {
number: { value: 80 },
move: { enable: true, speed: 2 },
links: { enable: true, distance: 140 },
},
});
}
await loadAppPreset();
const options = {
preset: "app-hero",
};Shape
ts
import type { Engine } from "@tsparticles/engine";
import { loadArrowShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-arrow";
import { loadCardsShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-cards";
import { loadCircleShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-circle";
import { loadCogShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-cog";
import { loadEmojiShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-emoji";
import { loadHeartShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-heart";
import { loadImageShape, type ImageEngine } from "@tsparticles/shape-image";
import { loadInfinityShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-infinity";
import { loadLineShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-line";
import { loadMatrixShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-matrix";
import { loadPathShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-path";
import { loadPolygonShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-polygon";
import { loadRoundedPolygonShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-rounded-polygon";
import { loadRoundedRectShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-rounded-rect";
import { loadSpiralShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-spiral";
import { loadSquareShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-square";
import { loadSquircleShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-squircle";
import { loadStarShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-star";
import { loadTextShape } from "@tsparticles/shape-text";
export async function loadAppShape(engine: Engine): Promise<void> {
await Promise.all([
loadArrowShape(engine),
loadCardsShape(engine),
loadCircleShape(engine),
loadCogShape(engine),
loadEmojiShape(engine),
loadHeartShape(engine),
loadImageShape(engine as ImageEngine),
loadInfinityShape(engine),
loadLineShape(engine),
loadMatrixShape(engine),
loadPathShape(engine),
loadPolygonShape(engine),
loadRoundedPolygonShape(engine),
loadRoundedRectShape(engine),
loadSpiralShape(engine),
loadSquareShape(engine),
loadSquircleShape(engine),
loadStarShape(engine),
loadTextShape(engine),
]);
}
await loadAppShape(tsParticles);
const options = {
particles: {
paint: {
stroke: {
width: 2,
},
},
shape: {
type: [
"arrow",
"card",
"circle",
"club",
"cog",
"diamond",
"emoji",
"heart",
"hearts",
"image",
"images",
"infinity",
"line",
"matrix",
"path",
"polygon",
"rounded-polygon",
"rounded-rect",
"spade",
"spades",
"spiral",
"edge",
"square",
"squircle",
"star",
"text",
"character",
"char",
"multiline-text",
"triangle",
"clubs",
"diamonds",
],
options: {
image: {
src: "https://particles.js.org/images/hdr/fruits/cherry.png",
width: 32,
height: 32,
replaceColor: false,
},
line: {
close: false,
fill: false,
},
path: {
close: true,
d: "M 0,-14 L 10,14 L -10,14 Z",
},
polygon: {
sides: 6,
},
"rounded-polygon": {
sides: 6,
radius: 0.25,
},
"rounded-rect": {
width: 20,
height: 14,
radius: 3,
},
spiral: {
innerRadius: 1,
lineSpacing: 1,
},
star: {
sides: 5,
inset: 2,
},
text: {
value: ["TS", "Particles"],
font: "Verdana",
},
},
},
},
};line shape 是基于描边绘制的,因此请保持 fill: false,并配置 particles.paint.stroke。
上面的 image.src URL 复用了项目中现有配置(utils/configs)。
Updater
ts
import type { Engine, IDelta, Particle } from "@tsparticles/engine";
export async function loadAppUpdater(engine: Engine): Promise<void> {
await engine.pluginManager.register((e) => {
e.pluginManager.addParticleUpdater("app-drift", () =>
Promise.resolve({
init: (): void => {},
isEnabled: (): boolean => true,
update: (particle: Particle, delta: IDelta): void => {
particle.position.x += 0.02 * delta.factor;
},
}),
);
});
}
await loadAppUpdater(tsParticles);
// no extra options required: updater runs when isEnabled(...) is true这些内容足以在本地原型化所有扩展类型,之后再提取到独立包中。
组合策略
- 从一个 bundle 开始(通常
slim就足够)。 - 将缺失能力作为小而聚焦的模块补齐(interaction/updater/path/effect/shape)。
- 用 preset 复用行为,用 palette 复用视觉风格。
- 先保持应用内本地扩展,只有在跨项目复用时再发布。
实用规则
- 保持扩展名称唯一(例如
app-*或公司前缀)。 - 先做应用内本地实现,只有在多个项目复用时再抽成包。
- 开发时保留一个小型配置 fixture(回归检查更快)。
- 如果某个功能缺失,先确认所需包已加载(shape、interaction、updater、plugin)。
